"This book can be considered a milestone in modern Chinese and cultural studies. It is
also the most ambitious attempt in developing a new kind of interdisciplinary studies—
an attempt that bears a philosophic weight and cuts across the disciplines of Sinology,
comparative literature, intellectual history, and translation studies. At the same time, it seeks
to demonstrate a new theory of'Transcultural Lexicon'which should appeal to all scholars
interested in cultural theories."
—Leo Ou-fan Lee, Chinese University of Hong Kong
"In the age ruled by the myth of technoscientific triumphalism, this timely and refreshi哼
book unearths a critical strand of thought and sensibility against enlightenment rationality
in modern China. Drawing on historical archives and debates, Peng Hsiao-yen stages a
compelling critique of industrial modernity and the pursuit of wealth and power at the cost of
emotional ties, community, and organic lifeways."
—Ban Wang, Stanford University
In Modern Chinese Counter-Enlightenment: Affect, Reason, and the Transcultural Lexicon, Peng
Hsiao-yen argues that a trend of Counter-Enlightenment had grown from the late Qing to
the May Fourth era in the 1910s to the 1920s and continued to the 1940s. She demonstrates
how Counter-Enlightenment was manifested with case studies such as Lu Xun's writings
in the late 1900s, the Aesthetic Education movement from the 1910s to 1920s, and the
Science and Lifeview debate in the 1920s. During the period, the life philosophy movement,
highlighting the epistemic debate on affect and reason, was connected with its counterparts
in Germany, France, and Japan. The movement had widespread and long-term impact on
Chinese philosophy and literature. Using the transcultural lexicon as methodology, this book
traces how the German term Lebensanschauung (lifeview), a key concept in Rudolf Eucken's
life philosophy, constituted a global tide of Counter-Enlightenment that inspired the
thought of leading Chinese intellectuals in the Republican era. Peng contends that Chinese
intellectuals'transcultural connections with others in the philosophical pursuit of knowledge
triggered China's self-transformation. She has successfully reconstructed the missing link in
the Chinese theater of the worldwide dialectic of Enlightenment and Counter-Enlightenment.
Peng Hsiao-yen is an adjunct research fellow at the Institute of Chinese Literature and
Philosophy, Academia Sinka. She has published widely on modern Chinese literature and
culture, Chinese intellectual history, and transcultural studies.
Cover image: Peter Paul Rubens, The Fall of Icarus, Royal Museums of
Fine Arts of Belgium (Brussels), inv. 4127. Photo: J. Geleyns.